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Hollow Core Slabs A hollow core slab, known as voided slab or hollow core plank, is a precast slab of pre-stressed concrete typically used in the construction of floors in multi- story apartment buildings. The slab has been especially popular in countries where the emphasis of home construction has been on precast concrete, including Northern Europe and socialist countries of Eastern Europe. Precast concrete popularity is linked with low-seismic zones and more economical constructions because of fast building assembly, lower self-weight (less material), etc. . |
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Pre-Stressed Concrete Plank Pre-stressed concrete planks are primarily used for floor and roof decks. Serving as a combined deck and ceiling system, the planks erect quickly to reduce on-site labour needs and are capable of spanning long open spaces to aid design flexibility. Continuous, interior voids and structural stability reduce weight and, therefore, reduce cost. The result is a sound proof, fire rated, low maintenance system with long spans and shallow depths. |
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Pre-Stressed Concrete Beams Pre- stressed concrete beams are beams in which the concrete is entirely in compression with tensile forces taken by steel tendons. These are fabricated to produce a compression more than the expected tension under loading conditions. High strength steel tendons are stretched while the beam is cast over them. Then, when the concrete has cured, the tendons are slowly released and the beam is immediately under eccentric axial loads. This eccentric loading creates an internal moment, and, in turn, increases the moment carrying capacity of the beam. They are commonly used on highway bridges. |
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Post- Tensioned Buildings Application of bonded post-tensioning in buildings was made popular in Australia and South East Asia in the early 80s and 90s, before it was introduced to The Middle East and South Asia in the late 90s. It has proven to be a very cost effective and efficient floor system due to its inherent design advantages over conventional reinforced concrete design. The success of post-tensioning over precast technology is partly due to its exploitation of the cheaper and abundant labour and the more affordable formwork costs it has become popular. Post-Tensioning has been widely used in commercial, industrial and institutional buildings. |
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In Situ Flat Slab Flat slab is generally the most economical slab system for column grids with aspect ratio of not more than 1.4, based on the average cost index in Singapore and other developing countries in South East Asia and South Asia. It has proven to be viable for buildings with spans of greater than 6.0m and becomes even more economical as the live load increases.
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Precast Girders Most economical when span is not greater than 40m and when the site is free of traffic movement and is accessible to mobile cranes for tandem lifting. Precast girder launching is usually performed after midnight when the affected roads or expressways can be closed to traffic.
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Insitu Construction A convenient and economical method for a relatively short stretch of elevated viaduct, and when the use of precast moulds for a limited number of reuse is proven to be costly. When the bridge decks’ spans a variable and when the stretch of ground below the deck is suitable for erection of falsework formwork.
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Span By Precast Segmental When the bridge span is moderately large and when there is a sufficient spans for the deployment of an universal launching truss. Precast segments must be able to be delivered right beneath the launching truss throughout the entire length of the bridge for a direct lift.
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Balanced Cantilever Precast Segmental Suitable when precast segments can be delivered from rear erected spans or from beneath span. Can be erected in multiple construction fronts via employment of more than 1 set of liter.
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Egg Shaped Digesters
Egg shaped digesters are efficient waste water treatment plant where the digestion of sewerage is performed under anaerobic environment.
Gas released from the anaerobic digestion will be collected and used as an alternative fuel source for the sewerage treatment plant.
The walls of the digester are post-tensioned both in the longitudinal an circumferential directions.
Walls are cast in the multiple lifts, using system formworks.
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